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Sentence: Sentences, Clauses, and Imperatives
abstract Sentence = Cat ** {
Clauses
The NP VP predication rule form a clause whose linearization
gives a table of all tense variants, positive and negative.
Clauses are converted to S (with fixed tense) with the
UseCl function below.
data
PredVP : NP -> VP -> Cl ; -- John walks
Using an embedded sentence as a subject is treated separately.
This can be overgenerating. E.g. whether you go as subject
is only meaningful for some verb phrases.
PredSCVP : SC -> VP -> Cl ; -- that she goes is good
Clauses missing object noun phrases
This category is a variant of the 'slash category' S/NP of
GPSG and categorial grammars, which in turn replaces
movement transformations in the formation of questions
and relative clauses. Except SlashV2, the construction
rules can be seen as special cases of function composition, in
the style of CCG.
Note the set is not complete and lacks e.g. verbs with more than 2 places.
SlashVP : NP -> VPSlash -> ClSlash ; -- (whom) he sees
AdvSlash : ClSlash -> Adv -> ClSlash ; -- (whom) he sees today
SlashPrep : Cl -> Prep -> ClSlash ; -- (with whom) he walks
SlashVS : NP -> VS -> SSlash -> ClSlash ; -- (whom) she says that he loves
Imperatives
An imperative is straightforwardly formed from a verb phrase.
It has variation over positive and negative, singular and plural.
To fix these parameters, see [Phrase Phrase.html].
ImpVP : VP -> Imp ; -- love yourselves
Embedded sentences
Sentences, questions, and infinitival phrases can be used as
subjects and (adverbial) complements.
EmbedS : S -> SC ; -- that she goes
EmbedQS : QS -> SC ; -- who goes
EmbedVP : VP -> SC ; -- to go
Sentences
These are the 2 x 4 x 4 = 16 forms generated by different
combinations of tense, polarity, and
anteriority, which are defined in [``Common`` Common.html].
fun
UseCl : Temp -> Pol -> Cl -> S ;
UseQCl : Temp -> Pol -> QCl -> QS ;
UseRCl : Temp -> Pol -> RCl -> RS ;
UseSlash : Temp -> Pol -> ClSlash -> SSlash ;
An adverb can be added to the beginning of a sentence, either with comma (externally)
or without:
AdvS : Adv -> S -> S ; -- then I will go home
ExtAdvS : Adv -> S -> S ; -- next week, I will go home
This covers subjunctive clauses, but they can also be added to the end.
SSubjS : S -> Subj -> S -> S ; -- I go home if she comes
A sentence can be modified by a relative clause referring to its contents.
RelS : S -> RS -> S ; -- she sleeps, which is good
-- A sentence can also be post-modified by a subjunct sentence.
-- ModSubjS : S -> Subj -> S -> S ; -- she sleeps, because she is old
-- cf. Adverb.SubjS
}